Climate change, renewables, energy transitions, security and affordability are all actual topics. Here you find plot of daily and seasonal fluctuations of renewable energy (intermittency) for different places in the world. You also find a few short summaries on energy related subjects. While a lot is written on renewables and the energy transition; a look at the data can give a more realistic view on what can and cannot be achieved with renewables. This website is best viewed on a laptop or desktop computer.

This website is non-commercial and for your information only. We do not endorse, buy or sell energy related products. Neither are we affiliated with third parties to do so. Read the Terms of use (v1.5) and Disclaimer before using this site.

Data Source	Continent - post processed data
Europe - energy balances and grid/forecast data	Eurostat summaries Grid data Forecast data Belgium
PVGIS 5.1 - solar PV data - almost planetary coverage	Daily and monthly data for optimal fixed panel orientation
PVGIS 5.2 - solar PV data - planetary coverage	Monthly data for different panel orientations and mounting options
Renewables.ninja - solar PV and wind energy data	Europe
MERRA-2 - climate data	Africa Asia S./C. America North America Europe Oceania

Info	Description	Version	Updated
Links	Recommended climate and energy links.	v1.9	August 2023
Belgium	Wind, solar and electricity load data summary, using open grid data for Belgium.	v1.0	October 2021
Carbon	How much carbon do we emit? A tremendous amount, and rising ... with a little COVID dip in 2020.	v1.3	July 2022
Heating	Can solar or wind renewables cope with heating loads in Belgium?	v1.2	August 2022
Intermittency	Intermittency - fluctuations of solar and wind energy. What works great in Morocco is not so great for Norway.	v1.2	July 2023
Storage	Energy storage - a capacity cost, size and efficiency comparison.	v1.6	May 2023
Tax	Carbon tax and funding economics. Some data, rest assured, I have no taxing authority.	v1.2	August 2020
News	Summary of recent additions		July 2023

We recommend following book if you want a better understanding of renewable energy:

• David J.C. MacKay. Sustainable Energy – without the hot air.
• UIT Cambridge, 2008. ISBN 978-0-9544529-3-3.
• Available for free online from www.withouthotair.com

Chapter 30 explores how renewable energy scales up for Europe, north America and the world. Energy fluctuations and storage for the UK are discussed in chapter 26.